Apparatus for separating dust



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- A. W.- BANISTER. APPARATUS FOR SE PARATING DUST, SHAVINGS, &c., PROMAIR.

No. 543,796. Patented July 30,1895.

Fig 1 M M ii (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

A A. W. BANISTER.

, APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING DUST, SHAVINGS, &c., FROM AIR.

No. 543,796. Patented July 80, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR W. BANISTER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING DUST, SHAVINGS, 800., FROM AIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 543,796, dated July 30,1895.

Application filed May 23, 1895. Serial No. 550,441- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR W. BANISTER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forSeparating Dust, Shavings, &c., from Air, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved apparatus, the upper portionof one side of the casing being removed to show the interiorconstruction. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through thecenter of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3 ofFig. 1. Fig. 4. is a transverse vertical section on the line 4. 4. ofFig.' 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 5 is a transversevertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, looking in a directioncontrary to the arrow. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on theline 6 6 of Fig. 1, looking in a direction contrary to the arrow.

My invention has for its object to simplify and improve the constructionof apparatus for separating dust, shavings, &c., from air, whereby theoperation is rendered more reliable and effective andlthe best resultsobtained in the most simple and economical manner.

To this end my invention consists in a separating apparatus embodyingcertain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, ashereinafter fully set forth, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the said drawings, Arepresents the easing of the apparatus, the upperportion 12 of which is of substantially rectangular form, while thelower portion 15 is made in the form of an inverted quadrangularpyramid, having its front side in the same vertical plane as the frontside of the portion 12. At the bottom of the lower portion 15 of thecasing is formed a discharge-opening b for the dust, shavings, &c., saidopening being located at the front end of said portion 15 at thejunction of its several sides. 1

B is the inlet-opening, which is surrounded by a flange c, to which isto be secured a blastpipe (not shown) leading from a fan-blower, bywhich the air laden with shavings, dust,

&c., produced by planing or other machines connected by a suction-pipewith said blower, is forced into the apparatus through said inlet B,which opens into a horizontal tunnel-shaped receiving-chamberO,preferably of triangular shape in cross-section, and extendinglongitudinally inward and communicating at its rear end with a narrowvertical chamber f, formed at the rear end of the casing A, the bottomor floor of said tunnel-shaped receiving-chamber 0 being inclineddownward from .the inlet B to the point where it opens into tributed asit enters the lower portion of the same, the heavier particles of dustor other material suspended in the air falling by gravity and slidingdown the inclined-sides of the portion 15 to the discharge-outlet 17,while the air containing the lighter particles of dust or othermaterials passes up through a longitudinal opening 1', Figs. 2, 4, and5, into a chamber I), located immediately under the receiving-chamber O,and provided on its opposite sides with longitudinal deflectors 7c is,the inner edges of which form the sides of the opening 2'. As the dustfrom the chamber f strikes the outer sides of these deflectors 70, it isthrown thereby against the sides of the casing A opposite thereto, theair passing up through the opening i into the chamber D, causing it tobe separated from the heavier particles of dust which fall to the bottomof the casing and thence pass to the dischargeoutlet 1). 7

Between the upper edges of the deflectors 7.", 7c and depending flangesm m, at the top of the chamber D, are formed longitudinal spaces orpassages n 72, located on opposite sides of the casing, as shown inFigs. 4 and 5, through which the air divested of the heavier particlespasses up into a chamber G, located over the receiving-chamber 0, whereit impinges against an inclined deflector H, arranged diagonally withinthe casing A and forming the top of said chamber G, said deflector Hextending upwardly nearly to the top of the same, whereby a space orpassage p is left between the upper edge of the deflector and the frontwall 18 of the casing, through which space the air and lighter particlesof dust pass into an upper chamber I, at the top of the casing A, fromwhich the purified air is discharged into the atmosphere through anoutlet-pipe q, which may be provided, if desired,with a suitable hingedcover adapted to exclude rain or snow. The dust and lighter particles onstriking the under side of the deflector H drop and slide down thedouble-inclined bottom of the chamber G onto the deflectors 7c andthrough the opening 2' into the lower portion of the casing, while anyvery fine dust which may be carried over with the air into the upperchamber I will slide down the inclined bottom of the same and the uppersurface of the defleetor H and pass through openings 8 s,Figs. 1 and 3,between the lower edge of said defiector and the end wall t of thechamber I, into the chamber D, and thence down through the opening t'into the lower portion of the casing to the discharge-outlet b.

The deflector II serves to distribute the air within the casing andaffords an increased area of surface to intercept and catch the dust andfacilitate its dropping back into the bottom of the casing.

The depending flanges m m, which extend downwardly from the top of thechamber D on opposite sides of the same, as shown in Fig. 4, serve tointercept the dust, shavings, the, in their passage to the side openingsat n, thereby retarding the same and effecting a further separation ofthe air and dust within the chamber D, the dust being deflected by saidflanges m m and caused to strike the deflectors 7c and pass downwardwhile the air passes upward, as before described, into the chamber G.

The upper portion 20 of the wall t of the chamber I is inclined upwardlyand rearwardly, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, whereby a dead-air space isformed at this point, which diminishes the tendency of any dustremaining in the air within the chamber I to escape through theoutlet-pipe q, as said dust will lodge on the inclined portion 20 of thewall, where the air has little or no motion, and slide down the same toits intersection with the vertical portion of the wall t, from which itwill drop down through the openings 3 3 into the chamber D and thencethrough the opening i to the bottom of the casing.

By locating the outlet 1) for the dust at the front end of the bottom ofthe casing and ar ranging the front wall in a vertical plane, as shown,the tendency of the air to lift the dust is avoided, and its directpassage to the outletopening 1) thereby insured. By thus causing thedust-laden air to pass in different directions from oneseparating-chamber to another and into contact with deflectors at"ranged within the casing at various angles to intercept the air-currentand reduce its velocity in the manner above described I am enabled toproduce a perfect separation of the air from the dust and othermaterials in the simplest and most economical manner and withoutcentrifugal action, thus rendering my apparatus especially adapted forwood-working establishments where shavings, sawdust, and other similarmaterials are to be conveyed from the machines by which they areproduced to storage-bins or other locations.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. A separator comprising a casing having a horizontal receiving chamberprovided with an inlet opening for the dust-laden-air, a second verticalchamber communicating with said receiving chamber at its rear end andopening into the lower portion of the casing, the latter being providedwith an outlet for the discharge of the separated dust or other materialsuspended in the air, a deflector placed between the vertical chamberand the lower portion of the casing, a third chamber located beneath thereceiving chamber and provided on opposite sides with longitudinaldeflectors arranged along the sides of the easing and forming betweenthem a central opening from the second chamber and lower portion of theeasing into said third chamber, a fourth chamber located over thereceiving chamber and communicating with the third chamber throughspaces or openings at its opposite sides, a longitudinal upwardlyinclined deflector forming the top of the fourth chamber and having aspace between its upper front end and the front wall of the casing forthe passage of the air and lighter particles carried thereby, a fifth orupper chamber communicating with the fourth chamber through said space,and provided with openings at its lower end communicating with thechambers beneath, said upper chamber having an outlet pipe for theescape of the purified air, substantially as described.

2. In a separator, the combination with the casing having its lowerportion of angular form and-inclined downwardly toward its verticalfront side and having its outlet opening at its front end, of thereceiving chamber 0, provided with an inlet opening and a rearwardly anddownwardly inclined floor or bottom, the vertical chamber f,communicating with the chamber 0, and opening into the lower portion ofthe casing, said chamber be ing provided with a double deflector g,having its sides inclined downwardly and outwardly in oppositedirections, the chamber 1), arranged beneath the receiving chamber O,and provided with longitudinal deflectors 70, 70, forming between theirinner edges a space or opening 5, for the passage of the air and dustsuspended therein to the chamber D, the chamber G, located over thechamber D, and

IIO

communicating therewith through openings outlet opening for the escapeof the purified 10 n, n, at its opposite sides, the deflector 'H, arair,all constructed to operate substantially in ranged within the chamber G,and forming the manner and for the purpose set forth. the top of thesame, and having a space or Witness my hand this 21st day of May,A.D.

'5 passage 19, between its upper end and the 95.

front wall of the casing, and the upper chatn- ARTHUR VV. BANISTER. herI, communicating through said opening In presence of-- p, with thechamber G, and having openings P. E. TESCHEMAOHER, v

s, s, at the bottom of said deflector H, and an ALICE E. HUMISTON.

